The receiver acknowledges the receipt of each frame, allowing for reliable and sequential data transmission. In this protocol, the sender transmits a single data frame and waits for an acknowledgment from the receiver before sending the next frame. The Stop and Wait protocol is a simple flow control mechanism used in computer networks. The stop & wait protocol is half-duplex whereas the sliding window protocol is full-duplex. And, in stop & wait protocol sorting is not necessary, but in sliding window protocol, sorting may or may not be necessary. Talking about efficiency, the efficiency of the stop &wait protocol is less, while the efficiency of the sliding window protocol is more than the stop & wait protocol. On the other hand, in the sliding window protocol, the sender node keeps on sending frames to the receiver node without waiting for any feedback and it re-sends the frame which is/are damaged or suspected. The basic difference between them is that, in stop & wait the sender node sends one frame and then waits for the feedback from the receiver node. In the above diagram, we can see that there are two protocols, Stop & Wait and a sliding window. Flow control in computer networks is defined as the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two systems(nodes), this mechanism ensures that the rate of data (transmitted by the sender) is within the receiving capacity of the receiver node.
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